Fat emulsions as diffusive reference standards for tissue simulating phantoms?

Di Ninni P., Bérubé-Lauzière Y., Mercatelli L., Sani E., Martelli F.

optical scattering  Nephelometry and Turbidimetry  Reproducibility of Results  tissue optics  Intravenous  Humans  Scattering  Radiation  and Optics  Particle Size  Atomic and Molecular Physics  optical properties  Reference Standards  Electrical and Electronic Engineering  Algorithms  Light  Phantoms  Imaging  Fat Emulsions  Engineering (miscellaneous)  Spectrophotometry  optica 

Intralipid 20% was recently suggested as a diffusive reference standard for tissue simulating phantoms. In this work, we extend previously obtained results to other fat emulsions, specifically Intralipid 10%, Intralipid 30%, Lipovenoes 10%, Lipovenoes 10% PhosphoLipid Reduced, Lipovenoes 20%, Lipofundin S 10%, and Lipofundin S 20%. Of particular importance for practical applications, our measurements carried out at a wavelength of 751 nm show the following features. First, these products show high stability and small batch-to-batch variations in their diffusive optical properties, similar to Intralipid 20%. Second, the absorption coefficient of Intralipid, Lipovenoes, and Lipofundin S are very similar and their measured values are within the experimental errors; moreover the reduced scattering coefficient of Intralipid 20%, Lipovenoes 20%, and Lipofundin S 20% are similar and their measured values are within 5%. Third, the reduced scattering coefficient of Intralipid 10% and Intralipid 30% can be scaled from that of Intralipid 20% with an error of 9% and 2%, respectively. A similar scaling property is valid for Lipovenoes and Lipofundin S. We have verified that this scaling property depends on the composition of the fat emulsions: If the ingredients exactly scale with the concentration then the reduced scattering coefficient almost exactly scale as well.

Source: APPLIED OPTICS (2004), vol. 51 (issue 30), pp. 7176-7182

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