2005
Book
Open Access
GIANO: an Ultra-Stable IR Echelle Spectrometer for the TNG Telescope
Oliva E, Origlia L, Maiolino R, Gennari S, Biliotti V, Rossetti E, Baffa C, Leone F, Montegriffo P, Lolli M, D'Amato F, Bruno P, Scuderi S, Ghinassi F, Gonzalez M, Lodi M, Falcini G, Giani E, Marcucci G, Sozzi M
GIANO is an IR cross-dispersed echelle spectrometer designed to achieve high throughput, high resolving power, wide band coverage and high accuracy radial velocity measurements. It also includes polarimetric capabilities and a low resolution mode that make it a very versatile, common user instrument which will be permanently mounted and available at one of the Nasmyth foci of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) located at Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory (ORM), La Palma, Spain. This project was selected by INAF as the top priority instrument among those proposed within the Second Generation Instrumentation Plan of the TNG. More information on this project can be found at the web pageSource: ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA, pp. 100-103
DOI: 10.1007/10995082_16
Metrics:
Oliva E, Origlia L, Maiolino R, Gennari S, Biliotti V, Rossetti E, Baffa C, Leone F, Montegriffo P, Lolli M, D'Amato F, Bruno P, Scuderi S, Ghinassi F, Gonzalez M, Lodi M, Falcini G, Giani E, Marcucci G, Sozzi M
GIANO is an IR cross-dispersed echelle spectrometer designed to achieve high throughput, high resolving power, wide band coverage and high accuracy radial velocity measurements. It also includes polarimetric capabilities and a low resolution mode that make it a very versatile, common user instrument which will be permanently mounted and available at one of the Nasmyth foci of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) located at Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory (ORM), La Palma, Spain. This project was selected by INAF as the top priority instrument among those proposed within the Second Generation Instrumentation Plan of the TNG. More information on this project can be found at the web pageSource: ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA, pp. 100-103
DOI: 10.1007/10995082_16
Metrics:
See at:
IRIS - Università degli Studi di Catania 
| doi.org 
| CNR IRIS
2012
Journal article
Open Access
Carbon nanohorn-based nanofluids: characterization of the spectral scattering albedo
Mercatelli Luca, Sani Elisa, Giannini Annalisa, Di Ninni Paola, Martelli Fabrizio, Zaccanti Giovanni
The full characterization of the optical properties of nanofluids consisting of single-wall carbon nanohorns of different morphologies in aqueous suspensions is carried out using a novel spectrophotometric technique. Information on the nanofluid scattering and absorption spectral characteristics is obtained by analyzing the data within the single scattering theory and validating the method by comparison with previous monochromatic measurements performed with a different technique. The high absorption coefficient measured joint to the very low scattering albedo opens promising application perspectives for single-wall carbon nanohorn-based fluid or solid suspensions. The proposed approximate approach can be extended also to other low-scattering turbid media.Source: NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS (ONLINE), vol. 7, p. 96
DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-96
Metrics:
Mercatelli Luca, Sani Elisa, Giannini Annalisa, Di Ninni Paola, Martelli Fabrizio, Zaccanti Giovanni
The full characterization of the optical properties of nanofluids consisting of single-wall carbon nanohorns of different morphologies in aqueous suspensions is carried out using a novel spectrophotometric technique. Information on the nanofluid scattering and absorption spectral characteristics is obtained by analyzing the data within the single scattering theory and validating the method by comparison with previous monochromatic measurements performed with a different technique. The high absorption coefficient measured joint to the very low scattering albedo opens promising application perspectives for single-wall carbon nanohorn-based fluid or solid suspensions. The proposed approximate approach can be extended also to other low-scattering turbid media.Source: NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS (ONLINE), vol. 7, p. 96
DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-96
Metrics:
See at:
Nanoscale Research Letters | Europe PubMed Central | Nanoscale Research Letters | INO Repository | CNR IRIS | pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | www.nanoscalereslett.com
2012
Journal article
Open Access
Carbon Monoxide Recombination Dynamics in Truncated Hemoglobins Studied with Visible-Pump MidIR-Probe Spectroscopy
Lapini Andrea, Di Donato Mariangela, Patrizi Barbara, Marcelli Agnese, Lima Manuela, Righini Roberto, Foggi Paolo, Sciamanna Natascia, Boffi Alberto
Carbon monoxide recombination dynamics upon photodissociation with visible light has been characterized by means of ultrafast visible-pump/MidIR probe spectroscopy for the truncated hemoglobins from Thermobifida fusca and Bacillus subtilis. Photodissociation has been induced by exciting the sample at two different wavelengths: 400 nm, corresponding to the heme absorption in the B-band, and 550 nm, in the Q-bands. The bleached iron-CO coordination band located at 1850-1950 cm(-1) and the free CO absorption band in the region 2050-2200 cm(-1) have been observed by probe pulses tuned in the appropriate infrared region. The kinetic traces measured at 1850-1950 cm(-1) reveal naultiexponential subnanosecond dynamics that have been interpreted as arising from fast geminate recombination of the photolyzed CO. A compared analysis of the crystal structure of the two proteins reveals a similar structure of their distal heme pocket, which contains conserved polar and aromatic amino acid residues closely interacting with the iron ligand. Although fast geminate recombination is observed in both proteins, several kinetic differences can be evidenced, which can be interpreted in terms of a different structural flexibility of the corresponding heme distal pockets. The analysis of the free CO band-shape and of its dynamic evolution brings out novel features about the nature of the docking site inside the protein cavity.Source: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. B, CONDENSED MATTER, MATERIALS, SURFACES, INTERFACES & BIOPHYSICAL, vol. 116 (issue 30), pp. 8753-8761
DOI: 10.1021/jp3019149
Metrics:
Lapini Andrea, Di Donato Mariangela, Patrizi Barbara, Marcelli Agnese, Lima Manuela, Righini Roberto, Foggi Paolo, Sciamanna Natascia, Boffi Alberto
Carbon monoxide recombination dynamics upon photodissociation with visible light has been characterized by means of ultrafast visible-pump/MidIR probe spectroscopy for the truncated hemoglobins from Thermobifida fusca and Bacillus subtilis. Photodissociation has been induced by exciting the sample at two different wavelengths: 400 nm, corresponding to the heme absorption in the B-band, and 550 nm, in the Q-bands. The bleached iron-CO coordination band located at 1850-1950 cm(-1) and the free CO absorption band in the region 2050-2200 cm(-1) have been observed by probe pulses tuned in the appropriate infrared region. The kinetic traces measured at 1850-1950 cm(-1) reveal naultiexponential subnanosecond dynamics that have been interpreted as arising from fast geminate recombination of the photolyzed CO. A compared analysis of the crystal structure of the two proteins reveals a similar structure of their distal heme pocket, which contains conserved polar and aromatic amino acid residues closely interacting with the iron ligand. Although fast geminate recombination is observed in both proteins, several kinetic differences can be evidenced, which can be interpreted in terms of a different structural flexibility of the corresponding heme distal pockets. The analysis of the free CO band-shape and of its dynamic evolution brings out novel features about the nature of the docking site inside the protein cavity.Source: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. B, CONDENSED MATTER, MATERIALS, SURFACES, INTERFACES & BIOPHYSICAL, vol. 116 (issue 30), pp. 8753-8761
DOI: 10.1021/jp3019149
Metrics:
See at:
Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza | The Journal of Physical Chemistry B | Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication | Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Perugia | CNR IRIS | The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
2012
Journal article
Open Access
Coherent emission of atomic soliton pairs by Feshbach-resonance tuning
Michinel Humberto, Paredes Angel, Valado Maria M., Feijoo David
We present two simple designs of matter-wave beam splitters in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). In our scheme, identical pairs of atomic solitons are produced by an adequate control-in time and/or space-of the scattering length. Our analysis is performed by numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and supported by several analytical estimates. Our results show that these devices can be implemented in the frame of current BEC experiments. The system has potential applications for the construction of a soliton interferometer.Source: Physical review. A 86 (2012): 013620–013620. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.86.013620
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.86.013620
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1605.02647
Metrics:
Michinel Humberto, Paredes Angel, Valado Maria M., Feijoo David
We present two simple designs of matter-wave beam splitters in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). In our scheme, identical pairs of atomic solitons are produced by an adequate control-in time and/or space-of the scattering length. Our analysis is performed by numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and supported by several analytical estimates. Our results show that these devices can be implemented in the frame of current BEC experiments. The system has potential applications for the construction of a soliton interferometer.Source: Physical review. A 86 (2012): 013620–013620. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.86.013620
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.86.013620
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1605.02647
Metrics:
See at:
arXiv.org e-Print Archive | Physical Review A | Physical Review A | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2012
Journal article
Open Access
Cold and trapped metastable noble gases
Vassen Wim, Cohen-Tannoudji Claude, Leduc Michele, Boiron Denis, Westbrook Christoph I., Truscott Andrew, Baldwin Ken, Birkl Gerhard, Cancio Pablo, Trippenbach Marek
Experimental work on cold, trapped metastable noble gases is reviewed. The aspects which distinguish work with these atoms from the large body of work on cold, trapped atoms in general is emphasized. These aspects include detection techniques and collision processes unique to metastable atoms. Several experiments exploiting these unique features in fields including atom optics and statistical physics are described. Precision measurements on these atoms including fine structure splittings, isotope shifts, and atomic lifetimes are also discussed.Source: Reviews of modern physics 84 (2012): 175–210. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.84.175
DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.84.175
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1110.1361
Metrics:
Vassen Wim, Cohen-Tannoudji Claude, Leduc Michele, Boiron Denis, Westbrook Christoph I., Truscott Andrew, Baldwin Ken, Birkl Gerhard, Cancio Pablo, Trippenbach Marek
Experimental work on cold, trapped metastable noble gases is reviewed. The aspects which distinguish work with these atoms from the large body of work on cold, trapped atoms in general is emphasized. These aspects include detection techniques and collision processes unique to metastable atoms. Several experiments exploiting these unique features in fields including atom optics and statistical physics are described. Precision measurements on these atoms including fine structure splittings, isotope shifts, and atomic lifetimes are also discussed.Source: Reviews of modern physics 84 (2012): 175–210. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.84.175
DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.84.175
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1110.1361
Metrics:
See at:
arXiv.org e-Print Archive | Reviews of Modern Physics | Reviews of Modern Physics | Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository | Reviews of Modern Physics | doi.org | Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication | CNR ExploRA
2011
Conference article
Open Access
Bose-Bose mixtures in reduced dimensions
Minardi F, Barontini G, Catani J, Lamporesi G, Nishida Y, Inguscio M
The two-body scattering is greatly modified in reduced dimensions. With ultracold atoms, low dimensional configurations are routinely accessible thanks to the use of optical lattices which allow confinements sufficiently strong to freeze the motion along chosen directions. With two different atomic species, we use a species-selective optical potential, in the form of a standing wave, to confine only one species in 2D disks and study the scattering between particles existing in different dimensions, i.e., we realize a 2D-3D mix-dimensional configuration, reminiscent of a brane world. We review the scattering theory specific to this configuration and derive an effective scattering length a(eff) in terms of the free-space scattering length a and the confinement parameters. We detect experimentally the enhancement of inelastic collisions arising at particular values of a and relate these values to the divergences of a(eff). Unlike the confinement-induced resonances predicted and observed for identical particles, our mixed-dimensional resonances occur in a series of several resonances, because the relative and centre-of-mass motion are coupled.Source: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONFERENCE SERIES (PRINT), p. 012016. Cairns, AUSTRALIA, JUL 25-30, 2010
DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/264/1/012016
Metrics:
Minardi F, Barontini G, Catani J, Lamporesi G, Nishida Y, Inguscio M
The two-body scattering is greatly modified in reduced dimensions. With ultracold atoms, low dimensional configurations are routinely accessible thanks to the use of optical lattices which allow confinements sufficiently strong to freeze the motion along chosen directions. With two different atomic species, we use a species-selective optical potential, in the form of a standing wave, to confine only one species in 2D disks and study the scattering between particles existing in different dimensions, i.e., we realize a 2D-3D mix-dimensional configuration, reminiscent of a brane world. We review the scattering theory specific to this configuration and derive an effective scattering length a(eff) in terms of the free-space scattering length a and the confinement parameters. We detect experimentally the enhancement of inelastic collisions arising at particular values of a and relate these values to the divergences of a(eff). Unlike the confinement-induced resonances predicted and observed for identical particles, our mixed-dimensional resonances occur in a series of several resonances, because the relative and centre-of-mass motion are coupled.Source: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONFERENCE SERIES (PRINT), p. 012016. Cairns, AUSTRALIA, JUL 25-30, 2010
DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/264/1/012016
Metrics:
2011
Journal article
Open Access
Observation of plasma density dependence of electromagnetic soliton excitation by an intense laser pulse
Sarri, G (sarri, G. ), Kar, S (kar, S. ), Romagnani, L (romagnani, L. ), Bulanov, Sv (bulanov, S. V. ), Cecchetti, Ca (cecchetti, C. A. ), Galimberti, M (galimberti, M. ), Gizzi, La (gizzi, L. A. ), Heathcote, R (heathcote, R. ), Jung, R (jung, Kourakis, I (kourakis, I. ), Osterholz, J (osterholz, J. ), Schiavi, A (schiavi, A. ), Willi, O (willi, O. ), Borghesi, M (borghesi
The experimental evidence of the correlation between the initial electron density of the plasma and electromagnetic soliton excitation at the wake of an intense (10(19) W/cm(2)) and short (1 ps) laser pulse is presented. The spatial distribution of the solitons, together with their late time evolution into post-solitons, is found to be dependent upon the background plasma parameters, in agreement with published analytical and numerical findings. The measured temporal evolution and electrostatic field distribution of the structures are consistent with their late time evolution and the occurrence of multiple merging of neighboring post-solitons. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics.Source: Physics of plasmas 18 (2011): 080704. doi:10.1063/1.3625261
DOI: 10.1063/1.3625261
Metrics:
Sarri, G (sarri, G. ), Kar, S (kar, S. ), Romagnani, L (romagnani, L. ), Bulanov, Sv (bulanov, S. V. ), Cecchetti, Ca (cecchetti, C. A. ), Galimberti, M (galimberti, M. ), Gizzi, La (gizzi, L. A. ), Heathcote, R (heathcote, R. ), Jung, R (jung, Kourakis, I (kourakis, I. ), Osterholz, J (osterholz, J. ), Schiavi, A (schiavi, A. ), Willi, O (willi, O. ), Borghesi, M (borghesi
The experimental evidence of the correlation between the initial electron density of the plasma and electromagnetic soliton excitation at the wake of an intense (10(19) W/cm(2)) and short (1 ps) laser pulse is presented. The spatial distribution of the solitons, together with their late time evolution into post-solitons, is found to be dependent upon the background plasma parameters, in agreement with published analytical and numerical findings. The measured temporal evolution and electrostatic field distribution of the structures are consistent with their late time evolution and the occurrence of multiple merging of neighboring post-solitons. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics.Source: Physics of plasmas 18 (2011): 080704. doi:10.1063/1.3625261
DOI: 10.1063/1.3625261
Metrics:
See at:
Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza | Queen's University Research Portal | Physics of Plasmas | Physics of Plasmas | pop.aip.org | CNR ExploRA
2011
Journal article
Open Access
Precision X-ray spectroscopy of intense laser-plasma interactions
Woolsey, Nc (woolsey, N. C. ), Clarke, Rj (clarke, R. J. ), Doria, D (doria, D. ), Gizzi, La (gizzi, L. A. ), Gregori, G (gregori, G. ), Hakel, P (hakel, P. ), Hansen, Sb (hansen, S. B. ), Koester, P (koester, Labate, L (labate, L. ), Levato, T (levato, T. ), Li, B (li, B. ), Makita, M (makita, M. ), Mancini, Rc (mancini, R. C. ), Pasley, J (pasley, J. )[, ], Rajeev, Pp (rajeev, P. P. ), Robinson, Apl (robinson, A. P. L. ), Wagenaars, E (wagenaars, E. ), Waugh, Jn (waugh, J. N. ), Booth, N (booth, N. )[
Polarisation sensitive emission spectroscopy measurements are reported for a petawatt laser-solid target interaction at intensities up to 5 x 10(20) Wcm(-2). These measurements were single-shot and used pairs of highly-orientated graphite spectrometers to resolve the sulphur Ly-alpha doublet. The sulphur Ly-alpha(1) component shows a large positive polarisation indicative of a low energy electron beam in the plasma, the Ly-alpha(2) component acts as a cross-spectrometer calibration. The measurements show a significant anisotropic or beam-like component to a cold return current. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Source: High energy density physics (Print) 7 (2011): 105–109. doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2011.03.001
DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2011.03.001
Metrics:
Woolsey, Nc (woolsey, N. C. ), Clarke, Rj (clarke, R. J. ), Doria, D (doria, D. ), Gizzi, La (gizzi, L. A. ), Gregori, G (gregori, G. ), Hakel, P (hakel, P. ), Hansen, Sb (hansen, S. B. ), Koester, P (koester, Labate, L (labate, L. ), Levato, T (levato, T. ), Li, B (li, B. ), Makita, M (makita, M. ), Mancini, Rc (mancini, R. C. ), Pasley, J (pasley, J. )[, ], Rajeev, Pp (rajeev, P. P. ), Robinson, Apl (robinson, A. P. L. ), Wagenaars, E (wagenaars, E. ), Waugh, Jn (waugh, J. N. ), Booth, N (booth, N. )[
Polarisation sensitive emission spectroscopy measurements are reported for a petawatt laser-solid target interaction at intensities up to 5 x 10(20) Wcm(-2). These measurements were single-shot and used pairs of highly-orientated graphite spectrometers to resolve the sulphur Ly-alpha doublet. The sulphur Ly-alpha(1) component shows a large positive polarisation indicative of a low energy electron beam in the plasma, the Ly-alpha(2) component acts as a cross-spectrometer calibration. The measurements show a significant anisotropic or beam-like component to a cold return current. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Source: High energy density physics (Print) 7 (2011): 105–109. doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2011.03.001
DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2011.03.001
Metrics:
See at:
High Energy Density Physics | Oxford University Research Archive | High Energy Density Physics | High Energy Density Physics | CNR ExploRA | www.sciencedirect.com
2011
Conference article
Open Access
Measuring fast electron distribution functions at intensities up to 10(21) W cm(-2)
Booth, N (booth, N. )[, ], Clarke, Rj (clarke, R. J. ), Doria, D (doria, D. ), Gizzi, La (gizzi, L. A. ), Gregori, G (gregori, G. ), Hake, P (hake, P. ), Koester, P (koester, Labate, L (labate, L. ), Levato, T (levato, T. ), Li, B (li, B. ), Makita, M (makita, M. ), Mancini, Rc (mancini, R. C. ), Pasley, J (pasley, J. )[, Rajeev, Pp (rajeev, P. P. ), Riley, D (riley, Robinson, Apl (robinson, A. P. L. ), Wagenaars, E (wagenaars, E. ), Waugh, Jn (waugh, J. N. ), Woolsey, Nc (woolsey, N. C. )
Here we present results from ultra-intense experiments demonstrating the viability of polarization spectroscopy as a diagnostic of the electron return current and spatial anisotropy and distribution function of the fast electron beam. The measurements extend to ultra-relativistic intensities of 10(21) W cm(-2), including laser-plasma interaction regimes important for fast ignition studies, for example HiPER, and the development of secondary sources from next generation ultra-short pulse, ultra-intense laser facilities such as Astra-Gemini and ELI. As an in situ diagnostic, spectroscopic measurements are vital to understanding fast electron beams, enabling extrapolation of results to define fast ignition inertial confinement fusion and secondary source facilities. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Source: 4th International Conference on Superstrong Fields in Plasmas, pp. 137–139, Varenna, ITALY, OCT 03-09, 2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.12.199
Metrics:
Booth, N (booth, N. )[, ], Clarke, Rj (clarke, R. J. ), Doria, D (doria, D. ), Gizzi, La (gizzi, L. A. ), Gregori, G (gregori, G. ), Hake, P (hake, P. ), Koester, P (koester, Labate, L (labate, L. ), Levato, T (levato, T. ), Li, B (li, B. ), Makita, M (makita, M. ), Mancini, Rc (mancini, R. C. ), Pasley, J (pasley, J. )[, Rajeev, Pp (rajeev, P. P. ), Riley, D (riley, Robinson, Apl (robinson, A. P. L. ), Wagenaars, E (wagenaars, E. ), Waugh, Jn (waugh, J. N. ), Woolsey, Nc (woolsey, N. C. )
Here we present results from ultra-intense experiments demonstrating the viability of polarization spectroscopy as a diagnostic of the electron return current and spatial anisotropy and distribution function of the fast electron beam. The measurements extend to ultra-relativistic intensities of 10(21) W cm(-2), including laser-plasma interaction regimes important for fast ignition studies, for example HiPER, and the development of secondary sources from next generation ultra-short pulse, ultra-intense laser facilities such as Astra-Gemini and ELI. As an in situ diagnostic, spectroscopic measurements are vital to understanding fast electron beams, enabling extrapolation of results to define fast ignition inertial confinement fusion and secondary source facilities. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Source: 4th International Conference on Superstrong Fields in Plasmas, pp. 137–139, Varenna, ITALY, OCT 03-09, 2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.12.199
Metrics:
See at:
Oxford University Research Archive | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment | CNR ExploRA | www.sciencedirect.com
1993
Journal article
Open Access
Transition to filamentary regime in laser-plasma interaction evidenced by 2ω emisssion
Biancalana V, Borghesi M, Chessa P, Deha I, Giulietti A, Giulietti D, Gizzi La, Willi O
The level of second-harmonic light emitted from a laser-exploded foil plasma at nominal irradiance up to 3.10(13) W/cm2 was found to be extremely sensitive to both target position and irradiance on target. Either a small target displacement or a small increase in irradiance resulted in a jump of the 2omega level of more than three orders of magnitude. Correspondingly, a transition was observed from a 2omega source pattern clearly signed by the original laser spot pattern to unstable patterns of filaments whose size is consistent with the maximum growth of the instability.Source: EUROPHYSICS LETTERS (PRINT), vol. 22 (issue 3), pp. 175-180
DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/22/3/003
Metrics:
Biancalana V, Borghesi M, Chessa P, Deha I, Giulietti A, Giulietti D, Gizzi La, Willi O
The level of second-harmonic light emitted from a laser-exploded foil plasma at nominal irradiance up to 3.10(13) W/cm2 was found to be extremely sensitive to both target position and irradiance on target. Either a small target displacement or a small increase in irradiance resulted in a jump of the 2omega level of more than three orders of magnitude. Correspondingly, a transition was observed from a 2omega source pattern clearly signed by the original laser spot pattern to unstable patterns of filaments whose size is consistent with the maximum growth of the instability.Source: EUROPHYSICS LETTERS (PRINT), vol. 22 (issue 3), pp. 175-180
DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/22/3/003
Metrics:
See at:
Usiena air - Università di Siena | EPL (Europhysics Letters) | Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Pisa | CNR IRIS
2019
Journal article
Open Access
Electrical Control of Lifetime-Limited Quantum Emitters Using 2D Materials
Schadler Kevin G, Ciancico Carlotta, Pazzagli Sofia, Lombardi Pietro, Bachtold Adrian, Toninelli Costanza, Reserbatplantey Antoine, Koppens Frank H L
Solid-state quantum emitters are a mainstay of quantum nanophotonics as integrated single-photon sources (SPS) and optical nanoprobes. Integrating such emitters with active nanophotonic elements is desirable in order to attain efficient control of their optical properties, but it typically degrades the photostability of the emitter itself. Here, we demonstrate a tunable hybrid device that integrates state of the art lifetime-limited single emitters (line width similar to 40 MHz) and 2D materials at subwavelength separation without degradation of the emission properties. Our device's nanoscale dimensions enable ultrabroadband tuning (tuning range >400 GHz) and fast modulation (frequency similar to 100 MHz) of the emission energy, which renders it an integrated, ultracompact tunable SPS. Conversely, this offers a novel approach to optical sensing of 2D material properties using a single emitter as a nanoprobe.Source: NANO LETTERS (PRINT), vol. 19 (issue 6), pp. 3789-3795
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00916
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1905.06027
Project(s): QuantERA
, 2D-SIPC
Metrics:
Schadler Kevin G, Ciancico Carlotta, Pazzagli Sofia, Lombardi Pietro, Bachtold Adrian, Toninelli Costanza, Reserbatplantey Antoine, Koppens Frank H L
Solid-state quantum emitters are a mainstay of quantum nanophotonics as integrated single-photon sources (SPS) and optical nanoprobes. Integrating such emitters with active nanophotonic elements is desirable in order to attain efficient control of their optical properties, but it typically degrades the photostability of the emitter itself. Here, we demonstrate a tunable hybrid device that integrates state of the art lifetime-limited single emitters (line width similar to 40 MHz) and 2D materials at subwavelength separation without degradation of the emission properties. Our device's nanoscale dimensions enable ultrabroadband tuning (tuning range >400 GHz) and fast modulation (frequency similar to 100 MHz) of the emission energy, which renders it an integrated, ultracompact tunable SPS. Conversely, this offers a novel approach to optical sensing of 2D material properties using a single emitter as a nanoprobe.Source: NANO LETTERS (PRINT), vol. 19 (issue 6), pp. 3789-3795
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00916
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1905.06027
Project(s): QuantERA
, 2D-SIPC Metrics:
See at:
arXiv.org e-Print Archive | Nano Letters | Nano Letters | doi.org | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS | Nano Letters | www.scopus.com
2019
Journal article
Open Access
Engineering of heralded narrowband color-entangled states
Zavatta A, Artoni M, La Rocca G
The efficient generation of entanglement is an essential requirement for quantum communications; however, long distances can only be achieved by utilizing entangled states that can be efficiently mapped into matter. Hence, sources generating states with bandwidths naturally compatible with the linewidths of atomic transitions are crucial. We harness the indistinguishability between two spontaneous four-wave mixing processes to achieve the heralded generation of single-photon frequency-bin entangled states. State manipulation admits entanglement and generation probability optimizations yet with negligible absorption. The scheme could also be adapted to photonic and solid interfaces.Source: PHYSICAL REVIEW, A PRINT, vol. 99 (issue 3), p. 031802
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.99.031802
Metrics:
Zavatta A, Artoni M, La Rocca G
The efficient generation of entanglement is an essential requirement for quantum communications; however, long distances can only be achieved by utilizing entangled states that can be efficiently mapped into matter. Hence, sources generating states with bandwidths naturally compatible with the linewidths of atomic transitions are crucial. We harness the indistinguishability between two spontaneous four-wave mixing processes to achieve the heralded generation of single-photon frequency-bin entangled states. State manipulation admits entanglement and generation probability optimizations yet with negligible absorption. The scheme could also be adapted to photonic and solid interfaces.Source: PHYSICAL REVIEW, A PRINT, vol. 99 (issue 3), p. 031802
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.99.031802
Metrics:
See at:
arxiv.org | Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Scuola Normale Superiore | doi.org | Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Brescia | CNR IRIS | www.scopus.com
2006
Journal article
Open Access
Combining a difference-frequency source with an off-axis high-finesse cavity for trace-gas monitoring around 3 micron
Malara P, Maddaloni P, Gagliardi G, De Natale P
High-sensitivity spectroscopy of methane around 3 mm was carried out by means of a 5.5-mW cw difference-frequency generator in conjunction with a high finesse cavity in off-axis alignment. By cavity-output integration a minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 5.7×10-9 cm-1Hz-1/2 was achieved, which well compares with results already reported in literature. Detection of methane in natural abundance was also performed in ambient air, for different values of total pressure, allowing direct concentration measurements via evaluation of the integrated absorbance of the spectra. In particular, at atmospheric pressure, a minimum detectable concentration of 850 parts per trillion by volume (pptv)×Hz-1/2 was demonstrated.Source: OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 14 (issue 3), pp. 1304-1313
DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.001304
Metrics:
Malara P, Maddaloni P, Gagliardi G, De Natale P
High-sensitivity spectroscopy of methane around 3 mm was carried out by means of a 5.5-mW cw difference-frequency generator in conjunction with a high finesse cavity in off-axis alignment. By cavity-output integration a minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 5.7×10-9 cm-1Hz-1/2 was achieved, which well compares with results already reported in literature. Detection of methane in natural abundance was also performed in ambient air, for different values of total pressure, allowing direct concentration measurements via evaluation of the integrated absorbance of the spectra. In particular, at atmospheric pressure, a minimum detectable concentration of 850 parts per trillion by volume (pptv)×Hz-1/2 was demonstrated.Source: OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 14 (issue 3), pp. 1304-1313
DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.001304
Metrics:
See at:
Optics Express | Optics Express | CNR IRIS
2006
Journal article
Open Access
Spectral characterization of integrated acousto-optic tunable filters by means of laser frequency modulation spectroscopy
Di Maio A, Salza M, Gagliardi G, Ferraro P, De Natale P
The spectral characteristics of an integrated acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) as well as its responsivity to the rf driving signal and sensitivity to temperature changes are experimentally investigated and quantified using a diode-laser-based interrogation system. A spectroscopic technique, exploiting the rf frequency modulation of the laser beam and the phase-sensitive detection of the AOTF transmission, has been used for this purpose. That allows for the generation of a dispersivelike signal, which serves as a reference for tracking any wavelength change of the filters peak with high resolution. The possibility of using the integrated AOTF as a spectrum analyzer with this interrogation scheme for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensing is also discussed.Source: APPLIED OPTICS, vol. 45 (issue 36), pp. 9176-9181
DOI: 10.1364/ao.45.009176
Metrics:
Di Maio A, Salza M, Gagliardi G, Ferraro P, De Natale P
The spectral characteristics of an integrated acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) as well as its responsivity to the rf driving signal and sensitivity to temperature changes are experimentally investigated and quantified using a diode-laser-based interrogation system. A spectroscopic technique, exploiting the rf frequency modulation of the laser beam and the phase-sensitive detection of the AOTF transmission, has been used for this purpose. That allows for the generation of a dispersivelike signal, which serves as a reference for tracking any wavelength change of the filters peak with high resolution. The possibility of using the integrated AOTF as a spectrum analyzer with this interrogation scheme for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensing is also discussed.Source: APPLIED OPTICS, vol. 45 (issue 36), pp. 9176-9181
DOI: 10.1364/ao.45.009176
Metrics:
See at:
INO Repository | Applied Optics | CNR IRIS | Applied Optics
2006
Journal article
Open Access
Tomographic test of Bell s inequality for a time-delocalized single photon
D'Angelo M, Zavatta A, Parigi V, Bellini M
Time-domain balanced homodyne detection is performed on two well-separated temporal modes sharing a single photon. The reconstructed density matrix of the two-mode system is used to prove and quantify its entangled nature, while theWigner function is employed for an innovative tomographic test of Bells inequality based on the theoretical proposal by Banaszek and Wodkiewicz (Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, pp.2009 1999). Provided some auxiliary assumptions are made, a clear violation of the Banaszek-Bell inequality is found.Source: PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, vol. 74, p. 052114
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.74.052114
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0602150
Metrics:
D'Angelo M, Zavatta A, Parigi V, Bellini M
Time-domain balanced homodyne detection is performed on two well-separated temporal modes sharing a single photon. The reconstructed density matrix of the two-mode system is used to prove and quantify its entangled nature, while theWigner function is employed for an innovative tomographic test of Bells inequality based on the theoretical proposal by Banaszek and Wodkiewicz (Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, pp.2009 1999). Provided some auxiliary assumptions are made, a clear violation of the Banaszek-Bell inequality is found.Source: PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, vol. 74, p. 052114
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.74.052114
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0602150
Metrics:
See at:
arXiv.org e-Print Archive | Physical Review A | Physical Review A | doi.org | CNR IRIS
2006
Journal article
Open Access
Remote preparation of arbitrary time-encoded single-photon ebits
Zavatta A, D'Angelo M, Parigi V, Bellini M
We propose and experimentally verify a novel method for the remote preparation of entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized in two well-separated temporal modes. The proposed scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or nonmaximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is studied by performing homodyne tomography with an ultrafast balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our laboratory.Source: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (PRINT), vol. 96, p. 020502
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.020502
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0512004
Metrics:
Zavatta A, D'Angelo M, Parigi V, Bellini M
We propose and experimentally verify a novel method for the remote preparation of entangled bits (ebits) made of a single photon coherently delocalized in two well-separated temporal modes. The proposed scheme represents a remotely tunable source for tailoring arbitrary ebits, whether maximally or nonmaximally entangled, which is highly desirable for applications in quantum information technology. The remotely prepared ebit is studied by performing homodyne tomography with an ultrafast balanced homodyne detection scheme recently developed in our laboratory.Source: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (PRINT), vol. 96, p. 020502
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.020502
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0512004
Metrics:
See at:
arXiv.org e-Print Archive | Physical Review Letters | Physical Review Letters | doi.org | CNR IRIS | Physical Review Letters
2006
Journal article
Open Access
Green land and blue sea: a coloured landscape in the orientation of the sandhopper Talitrus saltator (Montagu) (Amphipoda, Talitridae)
Ugolini A, Somigli S, Mercatelli L
The use of the landscape in the zonal recovery of Talitrus saltator (Montagu) was demonstrated in the past using natural and artificial landscapes. Here we evaluate the importance of colour in the landscape orientation of sandhoppers. Adult individuals of T. saltator were released in a Plexiglas bowl under the sun, with a view of an artificial landscape: a black cardboard strip or a pair of differently coloured filters, each occupying 180 of the horizon. Our results not only confirm the influence of the black and white artificial landscape-based compass cue on the zonal orientation of T. saltator, but also show that vision of a blue and green artificial landscape affects the direction of orientation; in fact, the orientation agreed with the directional indication of the landscape even when it contrasted with the sun compass indication. The same result was obtained with a blue-grey and green-grey landscape, but not with pairs of grey filters. Therefore, in the sandhoppers' visual world, a coloured landscape that matches the prevalent natural field colours greatly contributes to their directional choice.Source: JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, vol. 209 (issue 13), pp. 2509-2514
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.02300
Metrics:
Ugolini A, Somigli S, Mercatelli L
The use of the landscape in the zonal recovery of Talitrus saltator (Montagu) was demonstrated in the past using natural and artificial landscapes. Here we evaluate the importance of colour in the landscape orientation of sandhoppers. Adult individuals of T. saltator were released in a Plexiglas bowl under the sun, with a view of an artificial landscape: a black cardboard strip or a pair of differently coloured filters, each occupying 180 of the horizon. Our results not only confirm the influence of the black and white artificial landscape-based compass cue on the zonal orientation of T. saltator, but also show that vision of a blue and green artificial landscape affects the direction of orientation; in fact, the orientation agreed with the directional indication of the landscape even when it contrasted with the sun compass indication. The same result was obtained with a blue-grey and green-grey landscape, but not with pairs of grey filters. Therefore, in the sandhoppers' visual world, a coloured landscape that matches the prevalent natural field colours greatly contributes to their directional choice.Source: JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, vol. 209 (issue 13), pp. 2509-2514
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.02300
Metrics:
See at:
Journal of Experimental Biology | Journal of Experimental Biology | CNR IRIS | Journal of Experimental Biology
2007
Journal article
Open Access
Continuous in situ measurements of volcanic gases with a diode-laser-based spectrometer: CO2 and H2O concentration and soil degassing at Vulcano (Aeolian islands: Italy)
De Rosa M, Gagliardi G, Rocco A, Somma R, De Natale P, De Natale G
We report on a continuous-measurement campaign carried out in Vulcano (Aeolian islands, Sicily), devoted to the simultaneous monitoring of CO2 and H2O concentrations. The measurements were performed with an absorption spectrometer based on a semiconductor laser source emitting around a 2-ìm wavelength. The emitted radiation was selectively absorbed by two molecular ro-vibrational transitions specific of the investigated species. Data for CO2 and H2O concentrations, and CO2soil diffusive flux using an accumulation chamber configuration, were collected at several interesting sampling points on the island (Porto Levante beach- PLB, Fossa Grande Crater - FOG- and Valley of Palizzi, PAL). CO2/H2O values, measured on the ground, are very similar (around 0.019 (± 0.006)) and comparable to the previous discrete detected values of 0.213 (Fumarole F5 -La Fossa crater rim) and 0.012 (Fumarole VFS - Baia Levante beach) obtained during the 1977-1993 heating phase of the crater fumaroles. In this work much more homogeneous values are found in different points of the three sites investigated. The field work, although carried out in a limited time window (25th-28th August 2004), pointed out the new apparatus is suitable for continuous gas monitoring of the two species and their ratios, which are important geochemical indicators of volcanic activity, for which other reliable continuous monitoring systems are not yet available.Source: GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS, vol. 8, p. 5
DOI: 10.1186/1467-4866-8-5
Metrics:
De Rosa M, Gagliardi G, Rocco A, Somma R, De Natale P, De Natale G
We report on a continuous-measurement campaign carried out in Vulcano (Aeolian islands, Sicily), devoted to the simultaneous monitoring of CO2 and H2O concentrations. The measurements were performed with an absorption spectrometer based on a semiconductor laser source emitting around a 2-ìm wavelength. The emitted radiation was selectively absorbed by two molecular ro-vibrational transitions specific of the investigated species. Data for CO2 and H2O concentrations, and CO2soil diffusive flux using an accumulation chamber configuration, were collected at several interesting sampling points on the island (Porto Levante beach- PLB, Fossa Grande Crater - FOG- and Valley of Palizzi, PAL). CO2/H2O values, measured on the ground, are very similar (around 0.019 (± 0.006)) and comparable to the previous discrete detected values of 0.213 (Fumarole F5 -La Fossa crater rim) and 0.012 (Fumarole VFS - Baia Levante beach) obtained during the 1977-1993 heating phase of the crater fumaroles. In this work much more homogeneous values are found in different points of the three sites investigated. The field work, although carried out in a limited time window (25th-28th August 2004), pointed out the new apparatus is suitable for continuous gas monitoring of the two species and their ratios, which are important geochemical indicators of volcanic activity, for which other reliable continuous monitoring systems are not yet available.Source: GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS, vol. 8, p. 5
DOI: 10.1186/1467-4866-8-5
Metrics:
See at:
Geochemical Transactions | Europe PubMed Central | Geochemical Transactions | Geochemical Transactions | CNR IRIS | pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
2007
Journal article
Open Access
Iterative algorithm for three flat test
Maurizio Vannoni, Giuseppe Molesini
Absolute planarity measurements by interferometry are classically made using three flats, compared two by two in the course of four or more tests. Data reduction is performed with various analytical methods. Here we present instead a data processing algorithm that converges to solution numerically by iteration. Examples are presented both on synthetic interferograms and on experimental data. High accuracy and versatility of the approach are demonstrated.Source: OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 15 (issue 11), pp. 6809-6816
DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.006809
Metrics:
Maurizio Vannoni, Giuseppe Molesini
Absolute planarity measurements by interferometry are classically made using three flats, compared two by two in the course of four or more tests. Data reduction is performed with various analytical methods. Here we present instead a data processing algorithm that converges to solution numerically by iteration. Examples are presented both on synthetic interferograms and on experimental data. High accuracy and versatility of the approach are demonstrated.Source: OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 15 (issue 11), pp. 6809-6816
DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.006809
Metrics:
See at:
Optics Express | Optics Express | CNR IRIS | www.opticsinfobase.org
2007
Conference article
Open Access
Laser-frequency locking techniques for high-sensitivity strain measurements by high-birefringence fiber Bragg gratings and resonators
Salza M, Gagliardi G, Di Maio A, Ferraro P, De Natale P, Chehura E, Tatam R
A new approach to simultaneously interrogate orthogonal axes of single Fiber-Bragg-Gratings (FBGs) and FBG-Fabry Perot resonator sensors fabricated in linearly highly birefringent (HiBi) fibre is presented. Novel interrogation techniques of single Fiber-Bragg-Gratings (FBGs) and FBG-resonator sensors are presented. For a single FBG, we combined a laser-modulation technique to an electronic feedback loop that keeps the source always frequency locked to one peak of the sensors reflected spectrum. Two different lasers, with orthogonally-polarized states, were adopted to monitor simultaneously both the fast and slow FBG peaks. The corresponding correction signals from the servo-loop outputs can be interpreted as strain or temperature induced on the FBG. Detection limits ranging from 1 n / Hz to 100 n / Hz, for axial dynamic and static deformations, respectively, and of 0.025 °C/ Hz for temperature variations, are expected. A similar approach was developed for sub-på resolution interrogation of an optical resonator made of a high-reflectivity FBG-pair, using the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) stabilization method.Source: PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE, THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING, p. 661915. Naples, ITALY, JUL 04-06, 2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.738379
Metrics:
Salza M, Gagliardi G, Di Maio A, Ferraro P, De Natale P, Chehura E, Tatam R
A new approach to simultaneously interrogate orthogonal axes of single Fiber-Bragg-Gratings (FBGs) and FBG-Fabry Perot resonator sensors fabricated in linearly highly birefringent (HiBi) fibre is presented. Novel interrogation techniques of single Fiber-Bragg-Gratings (FBGs) and FBG-resonator sensors are presented. For a single FBG, we combined a laser-modulation technique to an electronic feedback loop that keeps the source always frequency locked to one peak of the sensors reflected spectrum. Two different lasers, with orthogonally-polarized states, were adopted to monitor simultaneously both the fast and slow FBG peaks. The corresponding correction signals from the servo-loop outputs can be interpreted as strain or temperature induced on the FBG. Detection limits ranging from 1 n / Hz to 100 n / Hz, for axial dynamic and static deformations, respectively, and of 0.025 °C/ Hz for temperature variations, are expected. A similar approach was developed for sub-på resolution interrogation of an optical resonator made of a high-reflectivity FBG-pair, using the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) stabilization method.Source: PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE, THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING, p. 661915. Naples, ITALY, JUL 04-06, 2007
DOI: 10.1117/12.738379
Metrics:
See at:
dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk | Cranfield CERES | doi.org | CNR IRIS